Dieser Band bietet ausser einer kritischen Edition des Textes der Ideen, der ersten naturphilosophischen Schrift Schellings, auch eine Fulle erklarender Anmerkungen mit Nachweisen von Zitaten und Anspielungen sowie Erlauterungen zu nicht mehr gebrauchlichen Begriffen und Bezeichnungen. Ein editorischer Bericht schildert die Entstehungsgeschichte der Ideen. In addition to a critical edition of the text of the Ideas for a Philosophy of Nature, Schellings first work on the philosophy of nature, this volume also provides an abundence of explanatory annotations with (...) evidence of quotations and allusions as well as explanations of terms which are no longer in use. An editorial report describes the history of the origins of the Ideas. (shrink)

The short cover-description of the present book tells that "Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (1775-1854) was one of the formative philosophers of German idealism, whose great service was in the areas of the philosophy of nature, art, and religion." Those having some familiarity with Schelling, and his influence on American philosophy, indirectly via Coleridge and Carlyle and more directly via Emerson and C. S. Peirce, will perhaps not be surprised to learn that German idealism itself looks somewhat different, understanding Schelling's differences (...) with Kant, Fichte, and Hegel; and while the work under review shows no awareness of the distant American influence of Schelling, or American developments in general (except perhaps in some citations of Arthur Lovejoy's The Great Chain of Being), I will take the present opportunity to emphasize connections and possible connections to American philosophy, as allowed by the author's account of Schelling and some further citations. (shrink)

This book explores how and when biology emerged as a science in Germany. Beginning with the debate about organism between Georg Ernst Stahl and Gottfried Leibniz at the start of the eighteenth century, John Zammito traces the development of a new research program, culminating in 1800, in the formulation of developmental morphology. He shows how over the course of the century, naturalists undertook to transform some domains of natural history into a distinct branch of natural philosophy, which attempted not only (...) to describe but to explain the natural world and became, ultimately, the science of biology. (shrink)

Over the last two decades there has been a significant increase of interest in Schelling’s philosophy, and in particular his philosophy of nature. However, even the most generous of Schelling’s interpreters are confused by one of Schelling’s key theses: his view that nature as a whole (including non-living nature) is “organized,” and his related rejection of the hard-and-fast distinction between living and non-living. My aim is to offer an explanation of these two related points. Given that Schelling regards all of (...) nature as organized, it makes most sense to begin with the basic stuff of nature—matter. For if we can understand how matter can be organized, then we can also understand how non-living material beings are also organized. Accordingly, I focus on Schelling’s first work in the philosophy of nature, the 1797 Ideen zu einer Philosophie der Natur (Ideas for a Philosophy of Nature), where he deals with matter most directly and challenges mechanistic accounts of matter. I show that the crucial influence on the Ideen was not (as many interpretations have it) Fichte, but Kant, and explicate how and why Schelling departs from Kant’s understanding of both matter and organization. Finally, I will briefly point to the ways in which Schelling’s understanding of organization can be brought to bear on current questions in theoretical biology. (shrink)

A work that "not only treats of irony but is irony," wrote a contemporary reviewer of The Concept of Irony, with Continual Reference to Socrates. Presented here with Kierkegaard's notes of the celebrated Berlin lectures on "positive philosophy" by F.W.J. Schelling, the book is a seedbed of Kierkegaard's subsequent work, both stylistically and thematically. Part One concentrates on Socrates, the master ironist, as interpreted by Xenophon, Plato, and Aristophanes, with a word on Hegel and Hegelian categories. Part Two is a (...) more synoptic discussion of the concept of irony in Kierkegaard's categories, with examples from other philosophers and with particular attention given to A. W. Schlegel's novel Lucinde as an epitome of romantic irony.The Concept of Irony and the Notes of Schelling's Berlin Lectures belong to the momentous year 1841, which included not only the completion of Kierkegaard's university work and his sojourn in Berlin, but also the end of his engagement to Regine Olsen and the initial writing of Either/Or. (shrink)

--Vorwort, von W. Schulz.--Der Gottesbegriff der Schellingschen positiven Philosophie, von H. Fuhrmans.--Die Funktion der Abfallslehre in der Gesamtbewegung der Schellingschen Philosophie, von L. van Bladel.--Die Mythopoesie des "Werdenden Gottes," von W. R. Corti.--Das grosse Welttheater, von H. Zeltner.--Über Teilhard de Chardin und die Metaphysik, von W. Schrader.--Die Idee der formalen und transzendentalen Logik bei Kant, Fichte und Hegel, von M. Zahn.--Marx--Kierkegaard--Schelling, von W. Schmied-Kowarzik.--Charles Secrétan--Exemple pour l'influence de Schelling en Suisse Romande, par M. Reymond.

In order to show its role in the conscience and realize the link between Naturphilosophie and the sources of the Dark romanticism, the intent of this text is to trace the influence of the animal magnetism and of mesmerism across G.H. Schubert and his Aspects of the Night Side of Natural Science on the Ages of the world by Schelling with special attention to the passages dedicated to the dream.

The post–Kantian idea of a system demands complete intelligibility, taking systematicity all the way. Many would prefer more moderate or balanced forms of philosophy, indifferent to this ‘nothing–halfway’ idea of a system. But I argue that post–Kantian reasons for the importance of their idea are surprisingly strong. Some at the time advance what I call ‘system–critique’: defending the idea’s importance while yet rejecting systems. Jacobi is a paradigm, influencing Kierkegaard and later system–critique. He shows that reasons for the idea’s importance (...) are not contingent on defense or acceptance of a system—and are stronger for this independence. Such reasons are shared with post–Kantians taking a more positive view of systems, as in Schelling’s ‘Vom Ich’. So there are surprisingly strong reasons to prefer both nothing–halfway system–critique and system–building over more moderate, balanced, or indifferentist philosophy. (shrink)

_In this essay, Hegel attempted to show how Fichte’s Science of Knowledge was an advance from the position of Kant in the Critique of Pure Reason, and how Schelling had made a further advance from the position of Fichte._.

_In this essay, Hegel attempted to show how Fichte’s Science of Knowledge was an advance from the position of Kant in the Critique of Pure Reason, and how Schelling had made a further advance from the position of Fichte._.

This article examines the notions of subject and nature as well as their relationship in F. W. J. Schelling’s naturephilosophy (Naturphilosophie), primarily based on the contemporary interpretation provided by I. H. Grant. It is explained that naturephilosophy, which treats the subject as produced by nature, and nature itself as absolute productivity, at the same time critically reacts against the inclination of I. Kant’s transcendental idealism to hypostasize the subject by separating it from nature. The article argues that naturephilosophy comes close (...) to materialist logic, according to which, the subject, being the product of nature’s productivity, is one of the nature’s moments, and therefore its pretentions to once and for all define nature are doomed to fail. This indeterminacy is not the effect of epistemological lack, but the ontological condition of nature and its products. (shrink)

This paper considers how Schelling’s earlier work functions as a fifth column for the Germano-Coleridgeans, particularly Coleridge himself and Green. I consider their engagement with Schelling’s First Outline in relation to the Hunterian collection bought by the Crown in 1799, which made the life sciences a public concern within the framework of how knowledge was to be organized. The paper explores the pressure the life sciences put on philosophy and the constraining of both, in the context of British Idealism, by (...) religious imperatives that are internal, conceptual censors, and external (cultural and institutional) censors. Consolidating his work between the Romantic and Victorian periods, Green is a neglected figure in a progress from natural to political theology that coincides with a shift in British idealism from Schelling to a sanitized Hegel. Coleridge’s dialogue with and often expedient misrepresentations of Schelling are more complex, as he uses Schelling’s “Stufenfolge” to argue for a design in nature, yet is constantly troubled by a biodiversity and difference in nature to which Schelling was more open. Initially deploying Schelling to reconcile transcendental and natural philosophy, Coleridge can never entirely escape the trouble that biology causes philosophy and that philosophy (through Schelling) causes religion. (shrink)

Die Mythologie-Konzeption in Schellings <I>Philosophie der Kunst liefert uns ein wesentliches Mythologieverstandnis des Deutschen Idealismus. Sie bezeichnet eine unerlassliche Richtung der modernen Asthetik und zielt darauf ab, der menschlichen Vernunft die Wahrheit der Mythologie wieder zuganglich zu machen. In diesem Buch wird versucht, durch Text-Auslegung den identitatsphilosophischen Zusammenhang, den naturphilosophischen Ansatzpunkt dieser Konzeption und Schellings Wiederentdeckung der Mythologie als das ontologisch Gegebene der Kunst zu beleuchten. Hervorgehoben werden seine Darlegung der ontologischen Struktur und der historischen Dimension der Mythologie sowie die (...) Deutung der Gotterlehre im Rahmen der Ideenlehre: Die an sich selbst betrachteten Ideen sind die real betrachteten Gotter.". (shrink)

Inhalt: Vorwort von H.-M. Pawlowski / S. Smid / R. Specht - H.-M. Pawlowski: Probleme der Rechtsbegrundung im Staat der Glaubensfreiheit - V. Gerhardt: Selbstandigkeit und Selbstbestimmung. Freiheit bei Kant und Schelling - H. Folkers: Die durch Freiheit gebaute Stadt Gottes - W. E. Ehrhardt: Mythologie und Offenbarung der Freiheit - W. Bartuschat: Uber Spinozismus und menschliche Freiheit beim fruhen Schelling - C. Cesa: Schellings Kritik des Naturrechts - H. J. Sandkuhler: F. W. J. Schelling - Philosophie als Seinsgeschichte und (...) Anti-Politik - D. Losurdo: Von Louis Philippe bis Louis Bonaparte - R. Pettoello: Die Dialektik der menschlichen Freiheit als Emanzipation und als Abfall von Gott - H. Klenner: Schelling und die Rechtsphilosophie - S. Smid: Freiheit als Keim des Rechts - W. Schmied-Kowarzik: Freiheit - Recht - Geschichte - J. Simon: Die Wirklichkeit der Freiheit (Kant, Schelling, Hegel) - W. Schild: Die verstandlichen Schwierigkeiten des Rechtsdenkens mit dem Freiheitsbegriff - Personenregister. (shrink)

El presente artículo pretende dilucidar los motivos fundamentales de la recepción de F. W. J. Schelling en los jóvenes hegelianos (I), el marxismo (II) y la Teoría Crítica (III) estableciendo ciertos paralelismos y divergencias respecto al modo en que fue acogida su obra en el seno de estas tres tradiciones. En el primer apartado se toma en consideración el alcance de este influjo en la obra de L. Feuerbach, así como en algunos escritos de juventud de F. Engels. A continuación, (...) se examinan los aspectos centrales de su recepción en G. Lukács y, en menor medida, en la obra de otros autores como E. Bloch o E. Dussel. Por último, vienen a apuntarse las temáticas principales de esa recepción en la Teoría Crítica, especialmente allí donde es más pronunciada, en los casos de H. Marcuse, J. Habermas y Th. W. Adorno. (shrink)

On se propose de démontrer que les recherches d’Eschenmayer ont joué un rôle déterminant dans l’émergence puis l’émancipation de la Naturphilosophie de Schelling, et cela même sous deux rapports: d’une part, sur la question de l’importance et de la place de l’étude de la nature dans le système entier de la philosophie; et d’autre part, sur des questions internes à cette étude. Si les travaux d’Eschenmayer ont en effet stimulé ceux de Schelling en ce domaine, ce que manifestent les (...) class='Hi'>Ideen de 1797, ils ont aussi progressivement fait mûrir des écarts, comme en témoigne l’article Sur le vrai concept d’une philosophie de la nature de 1801. Pour l’établir, je mets d’abord en évidence la manière différente dont chacun définit son projet de philosophie de la nature. Je montre ensuite qu’ils se nourrissent différemment aussi de la philosophie transcendantale dans leur étude philosophique de la nature. Puis, dans l’explication des différences qualitatives de la matière concrète, je montre comment Schelling s’écarte d’Eschenmayer. Enfin, j’indique la conséquence et l’horizon de toutes ces différences, à savoir cette idée, proprement schellingienne, que la nature doit à elle-même sa productivité, que sa philosophie est donc indépendante – toutes choses qu’Eschenmayer récuse. (shrink)